Say Goodbye to Painful Fissures – Expert Care at Himas Hospital

Suffering from burning, bleeding, or pain during bowel movements? Himas Hospital offers advanced, minimally invasive treatments for anal fissures with fast relief and compassionate care. Book your consultation today and start healing.

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What is fissure?

A fissure, specifically an anal fissure, is a small tear or cut in the thin, moist tissue (mucosa) that lines the anus. It often causes pain, bleeding, and discomfort during or after bowel movements.

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Common Symptoms:

Sharp pain during or after passing stool

Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the stool

Itching or irritation around the anus

A visible crack or tear near the anal opening

Understand the Causes of fissure​

An anal fissure happens when the delicate skin around the anus gets torn. This tear can be caused by anything that stretches or irritates the area. Below are the main reasons why fissures occur:

Passing Hard or Large Stools

Chronic Constipation

Chronic Diarrhea

Childbirth
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Anal Intercourse or Trauma

Inflammatory Conditions

Different Types of fissure

Anal fissures are generally classified based on how long they’ve been present and whether there's an underlying cause.

Acute Fissure

A recent tear in the anal lining, usually caused by constipation or straining. Heals within weeks with simple care.

Chronic Fissure

A deep, long-lasting tear that doesn't heal easily. Often causes recurring pain and may need medical or surgical treatment.

Primary Fissure

Occurs without any disease. Commonly caused by hard stools or trauma during bowel movements. Usually heals with conservative treatment.

Secondary Fissure

Results from underlying health conditions like Crohn’s disease or infections. Requires treatment of both the fissure and root cause.

Posterior Fissure

A tear located at the back of the anal opening. Most common type, usually due to constipation or hard stools.

Anterior Fissure

Found at the front of the anus, more common in women. May be linked to childbirth or certain medical conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions

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1. What is an anal fissure?
An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus that causes pain, bleeding, and discomfort during or after bowel movements.
2. What causes anal fissures?
Common causes include constipation, passing hard stools, chronic diarrhea, prolonged straining, and trauma to the anal canal. Sometimes, it may occur after childbirth.
3. What are the symptoms of a fissure?
Symptoms include sharp pain during bowel movements, bleeding (bright red blood), itching, and a visible tear near the anus.
4. Are anal fissures serious?
Most fissures heal on their own with proper care, but chronic or untreated fissures can lead to persistent pain and complications that may require medical treatment.
5. How are anal fissures diagnosed?
A doctor can usually diagnose a fissure with a physical examination. In some cases, anoscopy or sigmoidoscopy may be done to rule out other conditions.
6. What are the treatment options?
Treatments include increasing fiber and fluid intake, stool softeners, warm sitz baths, topical ointments, and medications to relax the anal muscles. Severe cases may require surgery.
7. Can anal fissures heal without surgery?
Yes. Many fissures heal with lifestyle changes, medications, and conservative treatments. Surgery is usually recommended only if symptoms persist for more than 6–8 weeks.
8. What surgical options are available?
The most common procedure is lateral internal sphincterotomy, where a small cut is made in the anal muscle to reduce spasm and allow healing. Laser treatments are also used nowadays.
9. Can fissures come back after treatment?
Yes, fissures may recur if constipation, straining, or chronic diarrhea continues. Preventive measures are important to reduce recurrence.
10. How can anal fissures be prevented?
Eat a high-fiber diet, drink plenty of water, exercise regularly, avoid straining during bowel movements, and maintain proper anal hygiene.